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Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), also known as ciguatera, is a foodborne illness caused by eating reef fish contaminated with ciguatoxins. [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Such individual fish are said to be ciguatoxic . Symptoms may include diarrhea , vomiting, numbness, itchiness, sensitivity to hot and cold, dizziness , and weakness.
This hypothesis was proven by Helfrich and Banner, [2] who also showed that the toxin has no effect on fish, both herbivorous and carnivorous. Ciguatoxin-1 was first discovered in 1967 by Scheuer et al [3] when studying ciguatera fish responsible for food poisoning. Later on, in 1977 Yasumoto et al isolated the compound from Dinoflagellates and ...
Such poisoning from ciguatoxins is known as ciguatera. Ciguatoxins are lipophilic , able to cross the blood–brain barrier , and can cause both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. The major symptoms will develop within 1–3 hours of toxin ingestion: vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of extremities, mouth and lips, reversal of hot and cold ...
Symptoms of ciguatera fish poisoning in humans include several effects which are mainly gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological. [3] The symptoms of acute ciguatera fish poisoning can already start 30 minutes after eating contaminated fish. [3] [11] However, in milder cases the first symptoms arise 24 to 48 hours later. [3]
Ciguatera is found in algae that grows on coral reefs in tropical and subtropical waters like those surrounding the Keys. Fish that feed off the reef ingest the toxin in their flesh, and it moves ...
Prevention is by refrigerating or freezing fish right after it is caught. [2] Treatment is generally with antihistamines such as diphenhydramine and ranitidine. [2] Epinephrine may be used for severe symptoms. [3] Along with ciguatera fish poisoning, it is one of the most common type of seafood poisoning. [2]
A cheap fish that may cause severe food poisoning with, shall we say, explosive results, escolar is banned in some countries. While the U.S. permits it, the FDA has issued warnings about its ...
Afterwards, carnivorous fish, which are targeted by fishing industries, move the toxins further up the food chain. Ciguatera is the most common form of seafood poisoning caused by harmful algal blooms in the world and its incidence and range appear to spread. Best estimates indicate that more than 50,000 people are globally affected every year.