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In methyl thiocyanate, N≡C and C−S distances are 116 and 176 pm. By contrast, N=C and C=S distances are 117 and 158 pm in isothiocyanates. [7] Typical bond angles for C−S−C are 100°. [3] By contrast C−N=C in aryl isothiocyanates is 165°. Again, the thiocyanate isomers are quite different with C−S−C angle near 100°.
By contrast, in methyl thiocyanate, N≡C and C−S distances are 116 and 176 pm. Typical bond angles for C−N=C in aryl isothiocyanates are near 165°. Again, the thiocyanate isomers are quite different with C−S−C angle near 100°. [3] In both isomers the SCN angle approaches 180°.
[SCN] − is one of the pseudohalides, due to the similarity of its reactions to that of halide ions. Thiocyanate used to be known as rhodanide (from a Greek word for rose) because of the red colour of its complexes with iron. Thiocyanate is produced by the reaction of elemental sulfur or thiosulfate with cyanide: 8 CN − + S 8 → 8 SCN −
Thiocyanate complexes are not widely used commercially. Possibly the oldest application of thiocyanate complexes was the use of thiocyanate as a test for ferric ions in aqueous solution. [15] The reverse was also used: testing for the presence of thiocyanate by the addition of ferric salts. The 1:1 complex of thiocyanate and iron is deeply red.
One of the thiocyanic acid tautomers, HSCN, is predicted to have a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen. Thiocyanic acid has been observed spectroscopically. [12] The salts and esters of thiocyanic acid are known as thiocyanates. The salts are composed of the thiocyanate ion ([SCN] −) and a suitable cation (e.g., potassium thiocyanate, KSCN).
Nickel(II) thiocyanate is a coordination polymer with formula Ni(SCN) 2. [1] It is a green-brown solid and its crystal structure was determined first in 1982. [1]
Mercury(II) thiocyanate (Hg(SCN) 2) is an inorganic chemical compound, the coordination complex of Hg 2+ and the thiocyanate anion. It is a white powder. It is a white powder. It will produce a large, winding "snake" when ignited, an effect known as the Pharaoh's serpent .
Copper(I) thiocyanate is a hole conductor, a semiconductor with a wide band gap (3.6 eV, therefore transparent to visible and near infrared light). [11] It is used in photovoltaics in some third-generation cells as a hole transfer layer.