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Temperatures for beef, veal and lamb steaks and roasts Term (French)Description [4] Temperature range [3] USDA recommended [5]; Extra-rare or Blue (bleu) very red 46–49 °C
Low-temperature cooking is a cooking technique that uses temperatures in the range of about 60 to 90 °C (140 to 194 °F) [1] for a prolonged time to cook food. Low-temperature cooking methods include sous vide cooking, slow cooking using a slow cooker, cooking in a normal oven which has a minimal setting of about 70 °C (158 °F), and using a combi steamer providing exact temperature control.
There are several plans for roasting meat: low-temperature cooking, high-temperature cooking, and a combination of both. Each method can be suitable, depending on the food and the tastes of the people. A low-temperature oven, 95 to 160 °C (200 to 320 °F), is best when cooking with large cuts of meat, turkey and whole chickens. [2]
[11] [12] To prevent time-temperature abuse, the amount of time food spends in the danger zone must be minimized. [13] A logarithmic relationship exists between microbial cell death and temperature, that is, a small decrease of cooking temperature can result in considerable numbers of cells surviving the process. [ 14 ]
Converting units of temperature differences (also referred to as temperature deltas) is not the same as converting absolute temperature values, and different formulae must be used. To convert a delta temperature from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius, the formula is {ΔT} °F = 9 / 5 {ΔT} °C.
Although "International Temperature Scale of 1990" has the word "scale" in its title, this is a misnomer that can be misleading. The ITS-90 is not a scale; it is an equipment calibration standard. Temperatures measured with equipment calibrated per ITS-90 may be expressed using any temperature scale such as Celsius, Kelvin, Fahrenheit, or Rankine.
Time: 20 minutes. Temperature: Gas, Regulo Mark 7". "Regulo" was a type of gas regulator used by a manufacturer of cookers; however, the scale has now become universal, and the word Regulo is rarely used. The term "gas mark" was a subject of the joint BBC/OED production Balderdash and Piffle, in May 2005.
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