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The country accounts for 18% of the world's population but has access to only about 4% of the world's water resources. One of the proposed measures to address India's water challenges is the Indian Rivers Interlinking Project. [2] Approximately 80% of India's land area receives rainfall of 750 millimetres (30 in) or more annually.
The earliest mentions of irrigation are found in Rigveda chapters 1.55, 1.85, 1.105, 7.9, 8.69 and 10.101. [8] The Veda mentions only well-style irrigation, [9] where kupa and avata wells once dug are stated to be always full of water, from which varatra (rope strap) and cakra (wheel) pull kosa (pails) of water.
India accounts for 13 per cent of commitments in global water aid for 2006–07, receiving an annual average of about US$ 830 million (€620 million), more than double the amount provided to China. India's biggest water and sanitation donor is Japan, which provided US$ 635 million, followed by the World Bank with US$ 130 million.
Wide range of climatic conditions in India gave rise to rich variety of flora. India covers more than 45,000 species of flora, out of which several are endemic to the region. India is divided into eight main floristic regions: North-Western Himalayas, Eastern Himalayas, Assam, Indus plain, Ganga plain, the Deccan, the Malabar and the Andamans. [9]
Employing almost 44% of India's working population, agriculture is one of the most important occupations in India. Consequently, up to 80% of the groundwater in India is used for irrigation. [37] The Indian Agriculture Institute has been promoting the drip irrigation technology to relieve the water scarcity in India for decades. The technology ...
In Banten Province there are four river regions (Indonesian: Wilayah Sungai); two of them are under the authority of Banten Province, i.e. Ciliman-Cibungur and Cibaliung-Cisawarna, whereas the other two are under the authority of the central government, i.e. Cidanau-Ciujung-Cidurian and Ciliwung-Cisadane.
Ci Liwung ("K. Ciliwung "), bottom center in the map of rivers and canals of Jakarta (2012)The Ciliwung (often written as Ci Liwung as the "ci" prefix simply translates as "river"; also as Tjiliwoeng in Dutch, Sundanese: ᮎᮤᮜᮤᮝᮥᮀ) is a 119 km long river in the northwestern region of Java where it flows through two provinces, West Java and the special region of Jakarta.
Water pollution is a major environmental issue in India. The largest source of water pollution in India is untreated sewage. [1] Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated small-scale industry. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in India are polluted due to industries, untreated sewage and solid wastes.