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This comparison of programming languages compares how object-oriented programming languages such as C++, Java, Smalltalk, Object Pascal, Perl, Python, and others manipulate data structures. Object construction and destruction
Class-based object-oriented programming languages support objects defined by their class. Class definitions include member data. Class definitions include member data. Message passing is a key concept, if not the main concept, in object-oriented languages.
Language Original purpose Imperative Object-oriented Functional Procedural Generic Reflective Other paradigms Standardized; 1C:Enterprise programming language: Application, RAD, business, general, web, mobile
The listed languages are designed with varying degrees of OOP support. Some are highly focused in OOP while others support multiple paradigms including OOP. [ 1 ] For example, C++ is a multi- paradigm language including OOP; [ 2 ] however, it is less object-oriented than other languages such as Python [ 3 ] and Ruby .
Procedural is a sub-class of imperative since procedural includes block and scope concepts, whereas imperative describes a more general concept that does not require such features. Procedural languages generally use reserved words that define blocks, such as if , while , and for , to implement control flow , whereas non-structured imperative ...
In 1989, C++ 2.0 was released, followed by the updated second edition of The C++ Programming Language in 1991. [32] New features in 2.0 included multiple inheritance, abstract classes, static member functions, const member functions, and protected members. In 1990, The Annotated C++ Reference Manual was published. This work became the basis for ...
Comparison of ALGOL 68 and C++; ALGOL 68: Comparisons with other languages; Compatibility of C and C++; Comparison of Pascal and Borland Delphi; Comparison of Object Pascal and C; Comparison of Pascal and C; Comparison of Java and C++; Comparison of C# and Java; Comparison of C# and Visual Basic .NET; Comparison of Visual Basic and Visual Basic ...
Object-oriented imperative languages developed by combining the need for classes and the need for safe functional programming. [21] A function, in an object-oriented language, is assigned to a class. An assigned function is then referred to as a method, member function, or operation. Object-oriented programming is executing operations on ...