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William was born on 19 February 1817 in the Palace of the Nation in Brussels, [1] which was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time. He was the eldest son of the future king William II of the Netherlands and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. He had three brothers, one of whom died in infancy, and one sister. [2]
William III (William Henry; Dutch: Willem Hendrik; 4 November 1650 – 8 March 1702), [c] also known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from 1672, and King of England, Ireland, and Scotland from 1689 until his death in 1702.
On 15 March 1815; with the encouragement of the powers gathered at the Congress of Vienna, William Frederick raised the Netherlands to the status of a kingdom and proclaimed himself King William I. This was made official later in 1815, when the Low Countries were formally recognized as the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
William I (Willem Frederik; 24 August 1772 – 12 December 1843) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1815 until his abdication in 1840.. Born as the son of William V, Prince of Orange, the last stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, and Wilhelmina of Prussia, William experienced significant political upheavals early in life.
The Dutch called back William Frederick, the son of the last stadtholder, to head the new government. He was proclaimed "sovereign prince". In 1815, he raised the Netherlands to the status of a kingdom and proclaimed himself King William I. The kingdom was enlarged with the Southern Netherlands, now Belgium and Luxembourg, soon after.
Prince William was the eldest son of King William III of the Netherlands and his first wife, Princess Sophie of Württemberg.His nickname was Wiwill.At his birth, he held the third position in the line of succession to the Dutch throne behind his grandfather and father.
William III, Count of Jülich (r. 1207–1219) William II, Count of Flanders, also styled William III of Dampierre (1224–1251) William de Cantilupe (died 1254) William III of Baux (died 1257) William III Giudice of Cagliari (r. 1256–1258) William III of Geneva (1280-1320) William I, Count of Hainaut or William III of Holland (c. 1286 –1337)
The south gained independence in 1830 as Belgium (recognised by the Northern Netherlands in 1839 as the Kingdom of the Netherlands was created by decree), while the personal union between Luxembourg and the Netherlands was severed in 1890, when William III died with no surviving male heirs.