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Infection - The most common infectious cause of myositis is viral infections, such as the common cold. [4] Other viruses, such as COVID-19, are also shown to be a rare cause of myositis. [6] Benign acute childhood myositis has been described in children after prodromal viral infections with different viral agents.
A number of different preceding viral infections have been reported, most commonly influenza A and B. The condition appears to be more prevalent during late fall, winter, and spring. [2] Other virus infections that have been linked to BACM are those caused by Parainfluenza, Coxsackievirus, Adenovirus, Echovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumonia. [1]
The infection can affect any skeletal muscle, but most often infects the large muscle groups such as the quadriceps or gluteal muscles. [2] [4] [5] Pyomyositis is mainly a disease of children and was first described by Scriba in 1885. Most patients are aged 2 to 5 years, but infection may occur in any age group.
[1] [9] [10] This is due to a number of factors, including: overlapping symptoms (such as muscle weakness, pain, elevated CK); that delaying treatment for an inflammatory myopathy, in order to exclude potential non-inflammatory myopathies, may cause irreversible damage (although administering immunosuppressants and glucocorticosteroids to non ...
Polymyositis and the associated inflammatory myopathies have an associated increased risk of cancer. [3] The features they found associated with an increased risk of cancer were older age, age greater than 45, male sex, difficulty swallowing, death of skin cells, cutaneous vasculitis, rapid onset of myositis (<4 weeks), elevated creatine kinase, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and higher ...
It manifests itself in children; it is the pediatric counterpart of dermatomyositis. In JDM, the body's immune system attacks blood vessels throughout the body, causing inflammation called vasculitis. In the United States, the incidence rate of JDMS is approximately 2-3 cases per million children per year. The UK incidence is believed to be ...
Scleromyositis, is an autoimmune disease (a disease in which the immune system attacks the body). People with scleromyositis have symptoms of both systemic scleroderma and either polymyositis or dermatomyositis, and is therefore considered an overlap syndrome.
IBM is often confused with (misdiagnosed as) polymyositis. Polymyositis that does not respond to treatment is likely IBM. [35] Dermatomyositis shares a number of similar physical symptoms and histopathological traits as polymyositis, but exhibits a skin rash not seen in polymyositis or sIBM. It may have different root causes unrelated to either ...