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Under normal conditions GeI 4 is a solid, GeF 4 a gas and the others volatile liquids. For example, germanium tetrachloride, GeCl 4, is obtained as a colorless fuming liquid boiling at 83.1 °C by heating the metal with chlorine. [4] All the tetrahalides are readily hydrolyzed to hydrated germanium dioxide. [4]
Germanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white and similar in appearance to silicon. It is a metalloid or a nonmetal in the carbon group that is chemically similar to silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature.
Organogermanium chemistry is the science of chemical species containing one or more C–Ge bonds. Germanium shares group 14 in the periodic table with carbon, silicon , tin and lead . Historically, organogermanes are considered as nucleophiles and the reactivity of them is between that of organosilicon and organotin compounds.
Germane is the chemical compound with the formula Ge H 4, and the germanium analogue of methane. It is the simplest germanium hydride and one of the most useful compounds of germanium. Like the related compounds silane and methane, germane is tetrahedral. It burns in air to produce GeO 2 and water. Germane is a group 14 hydride.
Germanium tetrafluoride is a noncombustible, strongly fuming gas with a garlic-like odor. It reacts with water to form hydrofluoric acid and germanium dioxide. Decomposition occurs above 1000 °C. [5] Reaction of GeF 4 with fluoride sources produces GeF 5 − anions with octahedral coordination around Ge atom due to polymerization. [6]
RNA folding problem: Is it possible to accurately predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polyribonucleic acid sequence based on its sequence and environment? Protein design : Is it possible to design highly active enzymes de novo for any desired reaction?
The β-diketiminato germylene hydride reported Roesky et al. crystallizes in the P2 1 /n space group as two isostructural molecules per unit. [2] X-ray crystallographic analysis of the orange-red crystals showed that the germanium atom is tetrahedrally coordinated by the hydrogen atom, the β-diketiminato ligand, and the germanium lone pair.
Germanium dioxide, also called germanium(IV) oxide, germania, and salt of germanium, [1] is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ge O 2. It is the main commercial source of germanium. It also forms as a passivation layer on pure germanium in contact with atmospheric oxygen.