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Patients with spina bifida have a neural tube that has failed to completely form. This is most commonly in the lower back area in the region of the conus medullaris or cauda equina . Therefore, spina bifida affects the bowel similarly to a lower motor neuron spinal cord injury, resulting in a flaccid, unreactive rectal wall.
Patient populations vulnerable to chronic constipation include, but are not limited to, the elderly, persons with dementia, those with damage to the autonomic nervous system, infectious diseases, or intestinal vascular compromise. Some patients, due to their condition, may have limitations in reporting their symptoms.
Obstructed defecation is one of the causes of chronic constipation. [22] ODS is a loose term, [20] consisting of a constellation of possible symptoms, [7] caused by multiple, complex [23] and poorly understood [24] disorders which may include both functional and organic disorders. [18]
In chronic constipation of unknown cause, the main treatment involves the increased intake of water and fiber (either dietary or as supplements). [18] The routine use of laxatives or enemas is discouraged, as having bowel movements may come to be dependent upon their use.
Sundowning is often a symptom that happens after someone is diagnosed with dementia or a dementia-related disease, but it can also be an early sign of mental decline itself. “There are changes ...
Functional constipation, also known as chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), is defined by less than three bowel movements per week, hard stools, severe straining, the sensation of anorectal blockage, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual maneuvers during feces, without organic abnormalities.
Hypothyroidism can also cause chronic constipation because of sluggish, slower, or weaker colon contractions. Iron supplements or increased blood calcium levels are also potential causes. Spinal cord injury is a common cause of constipation, due to ileus. [citation needed]
This may lead to constipation symptoms such as incomplete evacuation of stool, [1] irregular bowel movements, [1] hard stools [1] and the need for excessive straining. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] Compared to the more natural squatting position, western-style toilets may lead to health issues [ 1 ] such as inflamed hemorrhoids.