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FIFO's opposite is LIFO, last-in-first-out, where the youngest entry or "top of the stack" is processed first. [2] A priority queue is neither FIFO or LIFO but may adopt similar behaviour temporarily or by default. Queueing theory encompasses these methods for processing data structures, as well as interactions between strict-FIFO queues.
A queue machine, queue automaton, or pullup automaton (PUA) [citation needed] is a finite-state machine with the ability to store and retrieve data from an infinite-memory queue. Its design is similar to a pushdown automaton but differs by replacing the stack with this queue.
*/ /* This implementation does not implement composite functions, functions with a variable number of arguments, or unary operators. */ while there are tokens to be read: read a token if the token is: - a number: put it into the output queue - a function: push it onto the operator stack - an operator o 1: while ( there is an operator o 2 at the ...
A scalar processor is classified as a single instruction, single data processor in Flynn's taxonomy.The Intel 486 is an example of a scalar processor. It is to be contrasted with a vector processor where a single instruction operates simultaneously on multiple data items (and thus is referred to as a single instruction, multiple data processor). [2]
The stack easily holds more than two inputs or more than one result, so a rich set of operations can be computed. In stack machine code (sometimes called p-code), instructions will frequently have only an opcode commanding an operation, with no additional fields identifying a constant, register or memory cell, known as a zero address format. [1]
A stack may be implemented as, for example, a singly linked list with a pointer to the top element. A stack may be implemented to have a bounded capacity. If the stack is full and does not contain enough space to accept another element, the stack is in a state of stack overflow. A stack is needed to implement depth-first search.
RISC microprocessors like these were the first to have superscalar execution, because RISC architectures free transistors and die area which can be used to include multiple execution units and the traditional uniformity of the instruction set favors superscalar dispatch (this was why RISC designs were faster than CISC designs through the 1980s ...
In some languages—particularly, those without garbage collection—the Treiber stack can be at risk for the ABA problem.When a process is about to remove an element from the stack (just before the compare and set in the pop routine below) another process can change the stack such that the head is the same, but the second element is different.