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The achievement of Lax and Milgram in their 1954 result was to specify sufficient conditions for this weak formulation to have a unique solution that depends continuously upon the specified datum f ∈ V ∗: it suffices that U = V is a Hilbert space, that B is continuous, and that B is strongly coercive, i.e.
Ivo M. Babuška (22 March 1926 – 12 April 2023) was a Czech-American mathematician, noted for his studies of the finite element method and the proof of the Babuška–Lax–Milgram theorem in partial differential equations. [1]
This is a formulation of the Lax–Milgram theorem which relies on properties of the symmetric part of the bilinear form. It is not the most general form. It is not the most general form. Let V {\displaystyle V} be a real Hilbert space and a ( ⋅ , ⋅ ) {\displaystyle a(\cdot ,\cdot )} a bilinear form on V {\displaystyle V} , which is
In mathematics, the Lions–Lax–Milgram theorem (or simply Lions's theorem) is a result in functional analysis with applications in the study of partial differential equations. It is a generalization of the famous Lax–Milgram theorem , which gives conditions under which a bilinear function can be "inverted" to show the existence and ...
By the Lax-Milgram theorem (see weak formulation), these two conditions imply well-posedness of the original problem in weak formulation. All norms in the following sections will be norms for which the above inequalities hold (these norms are often called an energy norm).
One may show, via the Lax–Milgram lemma, that whenever (,) is coercive and () is continuous, then there exists a unique solution () to the weak problem (*). If further A ( u , φ ) {\displaystyle A(u,\varphi )} is symmetric (i.e., b = 0 {\displaystyle b=0} ), one can show the same result using the Riesz representation theorem instead.
Lions–Lax–Milgram theorem (partial differential equations) Liouville's theorem (complex analysis, entire functions) Liouville's theorem (conformal mappings) Liouville's theorem (Hamiltonian mechanics) Löb's theorem (mathematical logic) Lochs's theorem (number theory) Looman–Menchoff theorem (complex analysis) Łoś' theorem (model theory)
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