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Lithium toxicity, also known as lithium overdose, is the condition of having too much lithium. Symptoms may include a tremor, increased reflexes, trouble walking, kidney problems, and an altered level of consciousness. Some symptoms may last for a year after levels return to normal. Complications may include serotonin syndrome. [1]
Serious side effects include hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus, and lithium toxicity. [5] Blood level monitoring is recommended to decrease the risk of potential toxicity. [ 5 ] If levels become too high, diarrhea, vomiting, poor coordination, sleepiness, and ringing in the ears may occur. [ 5 ]
In addition to kidney and systemic disorders, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can present itself as a side effect of some medications. The most common and well known of these medications is lithium, [ 7 ] although there are many other medications that cause this effect with lesser frequency.
Potential side effects from lithium include gastrointestinal upset, tremor, sedation, excessive thirst, frequent urination, cognitive problems, impaired motor coordination, hair loss, and acne. [3] Excessive levels of lithium can be harmful to the kidneys, and increase the risk of side effects in general.
Taking lithium salts has risks and side effects. Extended use of lithium to treat mental disorders has been known to lead to acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. [16] Lithium intoxication can affect the central nervous system and renal system and can be lethal. [17]
For antihypertensive drugs, diuretics causes sodium loss, which reduces the renal clearance of lithium, while symptoms of lithium toxicity have also been reported when methyldopa is used together with lithium. [15] NSAIDs have similar effects to diuretics drugs, which is decreasing the renal clearance of lithium. Some other drugs decrease the ...
Magnesium toxicity from emergency pre-eclampsia treatment during labor and delivery. [citation needed] Other conditions that can predispose to mild hypermagnesemia are diabetic ketoacidosis, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, and lithium intoxication. [citation needed]
While Cade's results appeared highly promising, side effects of lithium in some cases led to non-compliance. The toxicity of lithium led to several deaths of patients undergoing lithium treatment. The problem of toxicity was greatly reduced when suitable tests were developed to measure the lithium level in the blood.