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The Fair Trade Certified Mark is the North American equivalent of the International Fairtrade Certification Mark used in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. For a product to carry either Certification Marks, it must come from Fair Trade USA inspected and certified producer organizations.
Fair trade, by this definition, is a trading partnership based on dialogue, transparency and respect, that seeks greater equity in international trade. Fair trade organizations, backed by consumers, support producers, raise awareness and campaign for changes in the rules and practice of conventional international trade. [3]
The fair-trade system is inefficient at transferring coffee consumers’ goodwill to producers. Direct trade is probably more efficient and sustainable than fair trade. Artificially stimulating more coffee production keeps coffee growers poor, because overproduction makes the prices fall on the world markets.
The Fair Trade Federation does not certify individual products, but instead evaluates an entire business. The FTO Mark, launched in 2004 by World Fair Trade Organization, and identifies registered fair trade organizations. UTZ Certified is a coffee certification program that has sometimes been dubbed "Fairtrade lite". [17]
A fair trade law was a statute in any of various states of the United States that permitted manufacturers the right to specify the minimum retail price of a commodity, a practice known as "price maintenance". Such laws first appeared in 1931 during the Great Depression in the state of California. They were ostensibly intended to protect small ...
An item bank Or Question Bank is a term for a repository of test items that belong to a testing program, as well as all information pertaining to those items. In most applications of testing and assessment , the items are of multiple choice format, but any format can be used.
The Trade Justice Movement in the UK was the first formal coalition of groups to use the term "trade justice" (partly because in the UK, "fair trade" usually refers to Fairtrade certification and is a consumer model of change rather than an overtly political movement calling for government action).
Fairtrade International was established in 1997. It set private standards relating to labour, cooperative organisation, and the governance of the Fairtrade benefits. The organisation was divided in January 2004 into two independent organisations: [5]