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Humans are the main indoor source of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in most buildings. Indoor CO 2 levels are an indicator of the adequacy of outdoor air ventilation relative to indoor occupant density and metabolic activity. Indoor CO 2 levels above 500 ppm can lead to higher blood pressure and heart rate, and increased peripheral blood circulation. [85]
Carbon monoxide poisoning typically occurs from breathing in carbon monoxide (CO) at excessive levels. [3] Symptoms are often described as "flu-like" and commonly include headache, dizziness, weakness, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion. [1] Large exposures can result in loss of consciousness, arrhythmias, seizures, or death.
The AQI level is based on the level of six atmospheric pollutants, namely sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), suspended particulates smaller than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10), [19] suspended particulates smaller than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5), [19] carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O 3) measured at the ...
Up to 30 % of Europeans living in cities are exposed to air pollutant levels exceeding EU air quality standards. Around 98 % of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of air pollutants deemed damaging to health by the World Health Organization's more stringent guidelines even before they were adjusted to latest scientific data to be ...
The primary health concerns associated with carbon monoxide exposure are its cardiovascular and neurobehavioral effects. Carbon monoxide can cause atherosclerosis (the hardening of arteries) and can also trigger heart attacks. Neurologically, carbon monoxide exposure reduces hand to eye coordination, vigilance, and continuous performance.
The term immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) is defined by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as exposure to airborne contaminants that is "likely to cause death or immediate or delayed permanent adverse health effects or prevent escape from such an environment." Examples include smoke or other ...
Toxic: a chemical that has a median lethal concentration (LC 50) in air of more than 200 parts per million (ppm) but not more than 2,000 parts per million by volume of gas or vapor, or more than 2 milligrams per liter but not more than 20 milligrams per liter of mist, fume or dust, when administered by continuous inhalation for 1 hour (or less if death occurs within 1 hour) to albino rats ...
The National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) govern how much ground-level ozone (O 3), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM 10, PM 2.5), lead (Pb), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) are allowed in the outdoor air. [6] The NAAQS set the acceptable levels of certain air pollutants in the ambient air in the United ...