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Minorities In Law Enforcement (MILE), founded in 1993, is a culturally and ethnically diverse group of law enforcement professionals committed to public safety, crime prevention and building bridges in communities between law enforcement and youth.
"While some claim that minority overrepresentation in the justice system is solely the result of people of color committing more crime, empirical analyses do not support this claim." Studies have shown that a variety of factors could explain the racial disparity; "law enforcement practices, crime rates, and punitive sentencing policies."
Diversity in policing or Diversification in policing is a widely proposed policing reform with a difficult to assess impact. The main idea behind the concept is that the correlation between race and gender of officers and civilians and their interactions should be studied. [1]
In the United States, the relationship between race and crime has been a topic of public controversy and scholarly debate for more than a century. [1] Crime rates vary significantly between racial groups; however, academic research indicates that the over-representation of some racial minorities in the criminal justice system can in part be explained by socioeconomic factors, [2] [3] such as ...
Based on that data, the law mandated law enforcement agencies to submit a report to the law enforcement agencies' governing body beginning March 1, 2003, and each year thereafter no later than March 1. The law is found in the Texas Code of Criminal Procedure beginning with Article 2.131. [26]
The Crime Control Act created the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) that worked to expand programs on criminal justice/law enforcement at grantee universities, part of a push towards professionalization of the field. Soon after, a 1973 edition of the Crime Control Act was passed, mandating that any educational institution that ...
The Phoenix Police Department uses excessive force, violates constitutional rights, particularly those of homeless people, and discriminates against Black, Hispanic and Native American people ...
According to Michael L. Birzer, professor of criminal justice at Wichita State University and director of its School of Community Affairs, "racial minorities, particularly African Americans, have had a long and troubled history of disparate treatment by United States Criminal Justice Authorities."