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Socialism in Hong Kong is a political trend taking root from Marxism and Leninism which was introduced to Hong Kong in the early 1920s. Ever since the Chinese Communist Party adopted economic reforms from 1978, young socialists have moved towards the pro-democracy camp under the banner of social democracy [1] while traditional leftists remain in the pro-Beijing camp.
Hong Kong independence is the notion of Hong Kong as a sovereign state, independent from the People's Republic of China (PRC). Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of China and is thus granted a high degree of de jure autonomy, as stipulated by Article 2 of the Hong Kong Basic Law ratified under the Sino-British Joint Declaration. [2]
The Chinese Communist Party does not have an official political presence in Hong Kong, ... Hong Kong's economy is now dominated by the service sector.
In the early post-war days, the Hong Kong and Kowloon Federation of Trade Unions, the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce and the Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association became the three pillars of the local pro-CCP organs, following the orders of the New China News Agency, the de facto Communist China's representative in Hong Kong. [8]
In the 1950s and 60s, the Hong Kong society was divided into the pro-Communist left-wing and pro-Nationalist right-wing rivalry. In 1956, the Hong Kong local Kuomintang supporters attacked the Communists in Hong Kong which became the Hong Kong 1956 riots. [11] 59 people were killed and 740 had been arrested, mainly for rioting and looting. [12]
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In Hong Kong, there were two main political ideological blocs, which presents to pro-democracy camp (include localists) and pro-Beijing camp. Under the newly introduced electoral system since 2021, only government-approved candidates may run, effectively disqualifying any candidates who are not from the pro-Beijing camp or approved by Beijing.
Hong Kong was ruled by the British based on the system of letters patent from the 1850s to 1997, whereas China has been under the control of the Chinese Communist Party from 1949 onwards. [81] Some Hong Kong people see mainlanders as rude, impolite, and poorly educated.