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Blood is redirected to the brain and major muscle groups, diverted away from energy consuming bodily functions unrelated to survival at the present time. [11] There are three important axes, the adrenocorticotropic axis, the vasopressin axis and the thyroxine axis, which are responsible for the physiologic response to stress. Cortisol
The survival of neurons is regulated by survival factors, called trophic factors. The neurotrophic hypothesis was formulated by Victor Hamburger and Rita Levi Montalcini based on studies of the developing nervous system. Victor Hamburger discovered that implanting an extra limb in the developing chick led to an increase in the number of spinal ...
Biology is the scientific study of life. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] For instance, all organisms are composed of at least one cell that processes hereditary information encoded in genes , which can be transmitted ...
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions, and its disorders. [1] [2] [3] It is a multidisciplinary science that combines physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developmental biology, cytology, psychology, physics, computer science, chemistry, medicine, statistics, and mathematical modeling to understand ...
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that examines the biology of the nervous system with molecular biology, molecular genetics, protein chemistry and related methodologies (ie. concerning neurotransmitters moving via physiology of synapses etc) Neurochemistry; Nutritional neuroscience; Neuropeptide [ also see Neuropharmacology above]
Self-preservation is a behavior or set of behaviors that ensures the survival of an organism. [1] It is thought to be universal among all living organisms. For sentient organisms, pain and fear are integral parts of this mechanism.
The relationship between domain general learning and domain specific learning (also known as the modularity debate or modularity of mind) has been an ongoing debate for evolutionary psychologists. [7] The modularity of mind or modularity debate states that the brain is constructed of neural structures (or modules) which have distinct functions.
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important role by translating stress reflexively into a response both to physical stressors and higher level inputs by the brain. [ 30 ] The ANS is composed of the parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system , two branches that are both tonically active with opposing activities. [ 30 ]