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Retinoschisis is an eye disease characterized by the abnormal splitting of the retina's neurosensory layers, usually in the outer plexiform layer.Retinoschisis can be divided into degenerative forms which are very common and almost exclusively involve the peripheral retina and hereditary forms which are rare and involve the central retina and sometimes the peripheral retina.
Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the layers underneath it. [2] This impairs its function, potentially leading to vision loss. [2] [4] Retinal detachment often requires urgent medical intervention to prevent permanent vision loss. [3] Retinal detachments are divided into three main types based on their distinct causes. [6]
The Amsler grid showing the visual perception of the left eye of a person experiencing metamorphopsia (straight lines appear bent or curved) [1] [2]. Metamorphopsia (from Ancient Greek: μεταμορφοψία, metamorphopsia, 'seeing mutated shapes') is a type of distorted vision in which a grid of straight lines appears wavy or partially blank.
These blood vessels may bleed or grow in the wrong direction. Bleeding can lead to the formation of scar tissue which can cause blurred vision and vision loss. If the vessels grow too far in the wrong direction, they can pull the retina away from the back of the eye – this is called retinal detachment. Retinal detachment is a medical ...
Retinal tufts can be visualized or diagnosed using a dilated eye examination and indirect ophthalmoscope or a widefield retinal scan. [3] A retinal tuft is a gliotic degeneration of the retina composed of focal adhesions in the extracellular matrix joining the retina and the posterior hyaloid of the eye. [4] [5]
For ocular (eye) management, often patients already have complete retinal detachment at birth, or by the time of diagnosis, so surgical intervention is often not offered. However, there is some evidence for the benefit of early surgery or laser therapy for cases where retinal detachment is incomplete.
Schwartz hypothesized iridocyclitis as the cause of elevated intraocular pressure, but Davidorf suggested that the elevated IOP may be due to obstruction of trabecular meshwork by pigmented cells representing photoreceptor outer segments from retinal pigment epithelium that migrate anteriorly within the aqueous humor. [1]
Floaters and spots are most commonly related to ageing. They are generally harmless and do not cause blindness [7] Eye flashing: characterised by bursts or streaks of light that appear in an individual's field of vision. As eye flashing may indicate impending retinal detachment, medical attention is required. [8]