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A 2012 study by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy found that multifamily buildings present a tremendous opportunity for energy savings. Comprehensive, cost-effective upgrades in multifamily buildings could improve efficiency by 15-30%, the Council found, representing an annual sector-wide savings of almost US$3.4 billion. [2]
Annex 45: Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings (2004-2010) Annex 46: Holistic Assessment Tool-kit on Energy Efficient Retrofit Measures for Government Buildings (EnERGo) (2005-2010) Annex 47: Cost-Effective Commissioning for Existing and Low Energy Buildings (2005-2010) [11] Annex 48: Heat Pumping and Reversible Air Conditioning ...
The objective of building performance simulation is the quantification of aspects of building performance which are relevant to the design, construction, operation and control of buildings. [1] Building performance simulation has various sub-domains; most prominent are thermal simulation, lighting simulation, acoustical simulation and air flow ...
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings through improved efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, development space and the ecosystem at large. Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the ...
There are several different building performance standards widely used for designing building codes and energy-efficiency certifications. For instance, the standards produced by ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers) and the IECC (International Energy Conservation Code) have been widely used to inform local building codes and energy-efficiency ...
Depiction of New York World Building fire in New York City in 1882. Building codes in the United States are a collection of regulations and laws adopted by state and local jurisdictions that set “minimum requirements for how structural systems, plumbing, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (), natural gas systems and other aspects of residential and commercial buildings should be ...
A building based on the passive house concept in Darmstadt, Germany. Passive house (German: Passivhaus) is a voluntary standard for energy efficiency in a building that reduces the building's carbon footprint. [1] Conforming to these standards results in ultra-low energy buildings that require less energy for space heating or cooling.
Low-energy building design is considered important to encourage resource efficiency and reduce global climate change associated with the burning of fossil fuels. Design involves two general strategies: minimizing the need for energy use in buildings (especially for heating and cooling) through energy-efficient measures (EEMs) and adopting ...