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This notch is converted into a foramen by the suprascapular ligament, and serves for the passage of the suprascapular nerve. [2] The suprascapular vessels vary in number as well as in their course as they run at the suprascapular notch site. The suprascapular artery pass above the suprascapular ligament in most cases.
The superior transverse ligament (transverse or suprascapular ligament [1]) converts the suprascapular notch into a foramen or opening.. It is a thin and flat fascicle, narrower at the middle than at the extremities, attached by one end to the base of the coracoid process and by the other to the medial end of the scapular notch.
The suprascapular nerve is a mixed (sensory and motor) nerve that branches from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus. It is derived from the ventral rami of cervical nerves C5-C6. It provides motor innervation to the supraspinatus muscle , and the infraspinatus muscle .
The suprascapular canal [2] is an osteofibrous canal situated in the spinoglenoid fossa conveying suprascapular nerve and vessels. Its passage covered by the supraspinatus fascia and connects between its entrance formed by the suprascapular notch (enclosed by the suprascapular ligament) and its exit formed by spinoglenoid notch (enclosed by the spinoglenoid ligament).
The triangular space (also known as the medial triangular space, [1] upper triangular space, [2] medial axillary space or foramen omotricipitale [3]) is one of the three spaces found at the axillary space. The other two spaces are the quadrangular space and the triangular interval. [4]
The posterior branch of the suprascapular artery supplies the supraspinatous muscle. Dorsal scapular artery also gives off a collateral branch and anastomoses with the suprascapular artery. [ 1 ] Suprascapular nerve from the brachial plexus passes through the suprascapular notch as it approaches the fossa to supply the supraspinatus muscle.
The suprascapular artery and suprascapular nerve pass around the great scapular notch anteroposteriorly. Supraspinatus and infraspinatus are both supplied by the suprascapular nerve , which originates from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus (roots C5-C6).
The quadrangular space is a clinically important anatomic space in the arm as it provides the anterior regions of the axilla a passageway to the posterior regions. In the quadrangular space, the axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery can be compressed or damaged due to space-occupying lesions or disruption in the anatomy due to trauma.