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Quaestors, and curule aediles were elected by tribes, while tribunes and plebeian aediles were elected by the plebeian council. [12] These were divided into thirty-five tribes, which were hereditary and geographic. The plebeian council was called with the plebs divided into tribes, making it almost identical to the tribal assembly.
This gave the plebeian tribunes, who presided over the Plebeian Council, a positive character for the first time. Before these laws were passed, tribunes could only interpose the sacrosanct of their person (intercessio) to veto acts of the Senate, assemblies, or magistrates. It was a modification to the Valerian law in 449 BC which first ...
The Concilium Plebis (English: Plebeian Council, Plebeian Assembly, People's Assembly or Council of the Plebs) was the principal assembly of the common people of the ancient Roman Republic. It functioned as a legislative/judicial assembly, [ 1 ] through which the plebeians (commoners) could pass legislation (called plebiscites), elect plebeian ...
Plebeians who lived in the cities were referred to as plebs urbana. [34] Plebeians in ancient Rome lived in three or four-storey buildings called insula, apartment buildings that housed many families. These apartments usually lacked running water and heat.
Many modern historians believe that it was distinct from the tribal assembly in that it was organised on the same lines but only plebeians could vote. [54] The main argument for the plebeian council being the tribal assembly – as in the two were the same institution – is that ancient sources make no such distinction. [55]
These new Plebeian senators, however, could neither vote on an auctoritas patrum ("authority of the fathers" or "authority of the Patrician senators"), nor be elected interrex. [6] In the year 494 BC, the city was at war, [7] but the Plebeian soldiers refused to march against the enemy, and instead seceded to the Aventine Hill. [8]
A series of clashes between the people and the ruling patricians in 495 and 494 BC brought the plebeians to the brink of revolt, and there was talk of assassinating the consuls. Instead, on the advice of Lucius Sicinius Vellutus, the plebeians seceded en masse to the Mons Sacer (the Sacred Mount), a hill outside of Rome. [2]
For example, the "Plebeian Council" was an assembly where Plebeians gathered to elect Plebeian magistrates, pass laws that applied only to Plebeians, and try judicial cases concerning Plebeians. [8] A convention ( conventio ), in contrast, was an unofficial forum for communication, where citizens gathered to debate bills, campaign for office ...