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The Hindi–Urdu controversy arose in 19th-century colonial India out of the debate over whether Modern Standard Hindi or Standard Urdu should be chosen as a national language. Hindi and Urdu are mutually intelligible as spoken languages, to the extent that they are sometimes considered to be dialects or registers of a single spoken language ...
The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdū Lashkari Zaban ("Battalionese language") title in Nastaliq script.. The Urdu movement was a socio-political movement aimed at making Urdu (the standardized register of the Hindustani language) the universal lingua-franca and symbol of the cultural and political identity of the Muslim communities of the Indian subcontinent during the British Raj.
Hindi imposition is a form of linguistic imperialism in which the use of Modern Standard Hindi is preferred in Indian states that do not use or desire to use Hindi as a regional language. The term is rooted in the anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu , where it was proposed for Hindi to be taught in schools in the Madras Presidency .
Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu Date 11 August 1937 – present (87 years, 5 months) Location Present-day Tamil Nadu, India Caused by Various attempts by the Government of India (1947–present) and the Government of Madras (during 1937–65) to promote Hindi language in the State Goals To prevent the imposition of Hindi in the State Methods Non-violent - Conferences, fasts, legislations ...
In these cities, the language continued to be called "Hindi" as well as "Urdu". [27] [21] While Urdu retained the grammar and core vocabulary of the local Hindi dialect, it adopted the Nastaleeq writing system from Persian. [21] [28] The term Hindustani is derived from Hindustan, the Persian-origin name for the northwestern Indian subcontinent.
Save Urdu Movement (Urdu: اردو بچاؤ تحریک) is a movement found in both India and Pakistan. In India, it is represented by the statewide units in different states of that country. In Pakistan, the movement is dedicated to ensure that Urdu is protected in Pakistan as its national language. It has especially argued for safeguarding ...
India established the governmental Bureau for the Promotion of Urdu in 1969, although the Central Hindi Directorate was established earlier in 1960, and the promotion of Hindi is better funded and more advanced, [173] while the status of Urdu has been undermined by the promotion of Hindi. [174]
Hindustani (sometimes called Hindi–Urdu) is a colloquial language and lingua franca of Pakistan and the Hindi Belt of India. It forms a dialect continuum between its two formal registers: the highly Persianized Urdu, and the de-Persianized, Sanskritized Hindi. [2] Urdu uses a modification of the Persian alphabet, whereas Hindi uses Devanagari ...