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In photography, reciprocity is the inverse relationship between the intensity and duration of light that determines the reaction of light-sensitive material. Within a normal exposure range for film stock, for example, the reciprocity law states that the film response will be determined by the total exposure, defined as intensity × time.
An example of the use of f-numbers in photography is the sunny 16 rule: an approximately correct exposure will be obtained on a sunny day by using an aperture of f /16 and the shutter speed closest to the reciprocal of the ISO speed of the film; for example, using ISO 200 film, an aperture of f /16 and a shutter speed of 1 ⁄ 200 second. The f ...
A developable photographic latent image forms when crystals of silver halide in an emulsion layer are exposed to light. The initial nucleation phase is chemically and thermodynamically unstable; it is thus temperature sensitive, and involves the production of one, or very few silver atoms as sub-latent image specks in each silver halide crystal.
Digital Photography Review, also known as DPReview, is a website about digital cameras and digital photography, established in November 1998. [4] The website provides comprehensive reviews of digital cameras, [4] lenses and accessories, buying guides, [4] user reviews, [4] and forums for individual cameras, as well as general photography forums.
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The DXOMARK Lens Score provides ratings for camera lenses, as tested using its proprietary tool-set in combination with various camera models. [8] [10] [17] As with the DxOMark Sensor Score, the DXOMARK Lens Score is an aggregation of five separate sub-scores; namely: sharpness, distortion, vignetting, transmission, and chromatic aberration.
Reciprocity (photography), the relationship between the intensity of the light and duration of the exposure that result in identical exposure; Reciprocity of twist and wrench, in screw theory; Reciprocity theorem (disambiguation), several unrelated results; Reciprocity of antenna transmitting and receiving characteristics
Digital photography allows the quick collection of a large quantity of archival documents, bringing convenience, lower cost, and increased flexibility in using the documents. [12] There are some areas where film may have some advantages. Modern film cameras are not as power-thirsty as modern digital cameras and can last longer on smaller batteries.