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The neutral current can be determined by adding the three phase currents together as complex numbers and then converting from rectangular to polar co-ordinates. If the three-phase root mean square (RMS) currents are I L 1 {\displaystyle I_{L1}} , I L 2 {\displaystyle I_{L2}} , and I L 3 {\displaystyle I_{L3}} , the neutral RMS current is:
Integer overflow can be demonstrated through an odometer overflowing, a mechanical version of the phenomenon. All digits are set to the maximum 9 and the next increment of the white digit causes a cascade of carry-over additions setting all digits to 0, but there is no higher digit (1,000,000s digit) to change to a 1, so the counter resets to zero.
Arithmetic coding is the same as range coding, but with the integers taken as being the numerators of fractions. These fractions have an implicit, common denominator, such that all the fractions fall in the range [0,1). Accordingly, the resulting arithmetic code is interpreted as beginning with an implicit "0".
The simplified structure of this type of ADC that acts on 2 n volts range can be expressed as an algorithm: Initialize register with MSB set to 1 and all other values set to zero. In the n th clock cycle, if voltage is higher than digital equivalent voltage of the number in register, the (n+1) th digit from the left is set
Modeling an antenna with 100 wire segments requires 100 3 = 1 million calculations. Increasing the number of elements by a factor of 10 requires 1000 3 = 1 billion calculations, increasing the computing time by a factor of 1000, assuming the simulation completes at all given memory limitations and such. Consequently, there are other approaches ...
[9] [11] For convenience, imagine that the fast ramp rises exactly 1 volt during a 100 ns clock period. Assume the start event occurs at 67.3 ns after a clock pulse; the fast ramp integrator is triggered and starts rising. The asynchronous start event is also routed through a synchronizer that takes at least two clock pulses.
The traditional symbol for an inverter circuit is a triangle touching a small circle or "bubble". Input and output lines are attached to the symbol; the bubble is typically attached to the output line.
The counter machine models go by a number of different names that may help to distinguish them by their peculiarities. In the following the instruction "JZDEC ( r )" is a compound instruction that tests to see if a register r is empty; if so then jump to instruction I z, else if not then DECrement the contents of r: