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  2. Pinus cembra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_cembra

    The Swiss pine is a member of the white pine group, Pinus subgenus Strobus, and like all members of that group, the leaves ('needles') are in fascicles (bundles) of five, with a deciduous sheath. The mature size is typically between 25 metres (82 ft) and 35 metres (115 ft) in height, and the trunk diameter can be up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft).

  3. Cyclaneusma needle cast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclaneusma_needle_cast

    Symptoms on Scots pine Symptoms on jack pine. Cyclaneusma (needle cast) is a fungal disease that is a part of the phylum, Ascomycota. It infects plants that are of pine classification. [1] After infection by Cyclaneusma, most pines do not display symptoms until 10 months after the initial infection. Symptoms include needles developing yellow ...

  4. Marcescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcescence

    Marcescent leaves may be retained indefinitely and do not break off until mechanical forces (wind for instance) cause the dry and brittle petioles to snap. [9] The evolutionary reasons for marcescence are not clear, theories include: protection of leaf buds from winter desiccation, and as a delayed source of nutrients or moisture-conserving ...

  5. Dothistroma septosporum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dothistroma_septosporum

    Dothistroma septosporum or Mycosphaerella pini is a fungus that causes the disease commonly known as red band needle blight. This fungal disease affects the needles of conifers , but is mainly found on pine .

  6. Temperate deciduous forest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_deciduous_forest

    Due to shading from the canopy, the microclimate of temperate deciduous forests tends to be about 2.1 °Celsius cooler than the surroundings, whereas winter temperatures are from 0.4 to 0.9 °Celsius warmer within forests as a result of insulation from vegetation strata. [9] Snow-covered, leafless deciduous trees in the winter

  7. Bristlecone pine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristlecone_pine

    The bristlecone pine's root system is mostly composed of highly branched, shallow roots, while a few large, branching roots provide structural support. The bristlecone pine is extremely drought tolerant due to its branched shallow root system, its waxy needles, and thick needle cuticles that aid in water retention. [8] Gnarled bristlecone pine wood

  8. Insect winter ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_winter_ecology

    Insect winter ecology describes the overwinter survival strategies of insects, which are in many respects more similar to those of plants than to many other animals, such as mammals and birds. Unlike those animals, which can generate their own heat internally ( endothermic ), insects must rely on external sources to provide their heat ...

  9. Cold hardening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_hardening

    Cold hardening has also been observed in insects such as the fruit fly and diamondback moth. These insects use rapid cold hardening to protect against cold shock during overwintering periods. [5] [6] Overwintering insects remain active through the winter while non-overwintering insects migrate or die. Rapid cold hardening can occur during short ...