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The Swiss pine is a member of the white pine group, Pinus subgenus Strobus, and like all members of that group, the leaves ('needles') are in fascicles (bundles) of five, with a deciduous sheath. The mature size is typically between 25 metres (82 ft) and 35 metres (115 ft) in height, and the trunk diameter can be up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft).
Symptoms on Scots pine Symptoms on jack pine. Cyclaneusma (needle cast) is a fungal disease that is a part of the phylum, Ascomycota. It infects plants that are of pine classification. [1] After infection by Cyclaneusma, most pines do not display symptoms until 10 months after the initial infection. Symptoms include needles developing yellow ...
Marcescent leaves may be retained indefinitely and do not break off until mechanical forces (wind for instance) cause the dry and brittle petioles to snap. [9] The evolutionary reasons for marcescence are not clear, theories include: protection of leaf buds from winter desiccation, and as a delayed source of nutrients or moisture-conserving ...
As there is no distinct rainy season, precipitation is spread relatively evenly throughout the year. [1] Snow makes up a portion of the precipitation present in temperate deciduous forests in the winter. Tree branches can intercept up to 80% of snowfall, affecting the amount of snow that ultimately reaches and melts on the forest floor. [10]
This infection starts on the base of the crown on older needles, which then turn a brownish red at the tip, while the rest of the needle remains green. [9] This can be seen clearly between the months of June and July, after which the needles begin to 'turn up', much like a lion 's tail. [ 9 ]
It is very cold tolerant, able to survive winter temperatures down to at least -50 °C, and is among the tree line trees in the Alps, reaching 2400 m altitude, though most abundant from 1000–2000 m.
The total number of needles of all ages present on the 36-year-old tree in 1961 was 5.25 million weighing 14.25 kg. In 1961, needles as old as 13 years remained on the tree. The ash weight of needles increased progressively with age from about 4% in first-year needles in 1961 to about 8% in needles 10 years old.
The European pine sawfly is a pest as it eats a lot of needles. [4] While this can stunt the growth of the tree, it rarely is enough to kill the tree. For controlling it, one can use natural parasites, remove the eggs from the tree, or spray pesticides.