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  2. Peirce quincuncial projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirce_quincuncial_projection

    The maturation of complex analysis led to general techniques for conformal mapping, where points of a flat surface are handled as numbers on the complex plane.While working at the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, the American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce published his projection in 1879, [2] having been inspired by H. A. Schwarz's 1869 conformal transformation of a circle onto a ...

  3. Circular layout - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_layout

    Circular layouts are a good fit for communications network topologies such as star or ring networks, [1] and for the cyclic parts of metabolic networks. [2] For graphs with a known Hamiltonian cycle, a circular layout allows the cycle to be depicted as the circle, and in this way circular layouts form the basis of the LCF notation for Hamiltonian cubic graphs.

  4. Chord diagram (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord_diagram_(mathematics)

    Chord diagrams are conventionally visualized by arranging the objects in their order around a circle, and drawing the pairs of the matching as chords of the circle. The number of different chord diagrams that may be given for a set of 2 n {\displaystyle 2n} cyclically ordered objects is the double factorial ( 2 n − 1 ) ! ! {\displaystyle (2n ...

  5. Equator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equator

    The equator is the circle of latitude that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres. It is an imaginary line located at 0 degrees latitude , about 40,075 km (24,901 mi) in circumference, halfway between the North and South poles. [ 1 ]

  6. Equatorial coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorial_coordinate_system

    The right ascension symbol α, (lower case "alpha", abbreviated RA) measures the angular distance of an object eastward along the celestial equator from the March equinox to the hour circle passing through the object. The March equinox point is one of the two points where the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator.

  7. Celestial equator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_equator

    The celestial equator is the great circle of the imaginary celestial sphere on the same plane as the equator of Earth. By extension, it is also a plane of reference in the equatorial coordinate system. In other words, the celestial equator is an abstract projection of the terrestrial equator into outer space. [1]

  8. File:World map with equator.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../File:World_map_with_equator.svg

    More than 100 pages use this file. The following list shows the first 100 pages that use this file only. A full list is available. Circle of latitude; Longitude; Navigation; Talk:Gawler line; Talk:High-speed rail in the United States; Talk:History of rail transport by country; Talk:History of rail transport in Australia; Talk:History of rail ...

  9. Circle of latitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_of_latitude

    The equator is the circle that is equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole. It divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. Of the parallels or circles of latitude, it is the longest, and the only 'great circle' (a circle on the surface of the Earth, centered on Earth's center). All the other parallels are ...