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A normal Haller index should be about 2.5. Chest wall deformities such as pectus excavatum can cause the sternum to invert, thus increasing the index. [6] [7] In severe asymmetric cases, where the sternum dips below the level of the vertebra, the index can be a negative value. [8]
Pectus excavatum is a structural deformity of the anterior thoracic wall in which the sternum and rib cage are shaped abnormally. This produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest. It can either be present at birth or develop after puberty. Pectus excavatum can impair cardiac and respiratory function and cause pain in the chest and back.
An anterior chest wall deformity, pectus excavatum, in a person with Marfan syndrome. More than 30 signs and symptoms are variably associated with Marfan syndrome. The most prominent of these affect the skeletal, cardiovascular, and ocular systems, but all fibrous connective tissue throughout the body can be affected. [citation needed]
Zori–Stalker–Williams syndrome, also known as pectus excavatum, macrocephaly, short stature and dysplastic nails, [1] is a rare autosomal dominant [2] congenital disorder associated with a range of features such as pectus excavatum, macrocephaly and dysplastic nails, familial short stature, developmental delay and distinctive facies.
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, polycystic kidney disease, Graves disease, and chest wall deformities such as pectus excavatum: Diagnostic method: Echocardiogram, auscultation: Frequency: 1 in 40 people, 2-3% [2] of total population in the United States 3.36% in a Taiwanese military study [3
As the government lurches toward the debt ceiling -- and a possible default -- investors are moving out of short-term U.S. Treasuries. The government's short-term cost of borrowing has surged as a ...
That is, there will be a lot of variability in the severity of the combustion,” she said. “Some areas will be burned completely, but other areas nearby will be untouched, and you’ll have ...
The Nuss procedure is a minimally invasive procedure, invented in 1987 by Dr. Donald Nuss and his colleagues, Dr. Daniel Croitoru and Dr. Robert Kelly, for treating pectus excavatum. [1] [2] [3] He developed it at Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, in Norfolk, Virginia. The operation typically takes approximately two hours. [4]: 1277
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