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The largest group among Russian Jews are Ashkenazi Jews, but the community also includes a significant proportion of non-Ashkenazi from other Jewish diaspora including Mountain Jews, Sephardi Jews, Georgian Jews, Crimean Karaites, Krymchaks and Bukharan Jews.
From the 1880s onwards, Ashkenazi Jews from Russia, Poland and Germany immigrated to the Land of Israel in large numbers. By 1948, they comprised 80% of the Jewish population of Israel, shortly before the Jewish exodus from the Muslim world changed the demographic composition of Israeli society. [119]
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Khazar Khaganate, 650–850 The Khazar hypothesis of Ashkenazi ancestry, often called the Khazar myth by its critics, is a largely abandoned historical hypothesis that postulated that Ashkenazi Jews were primarily, or to a large extent, descended from Khazar converts to Judaism. The Khazars were a ...
Georgian Jews are one of the oldest communities in Georgia, tracing their migration into the country during the Babylonian captivity in 6th century BC. [12] In 1801, the Russian Empire annexed Eastern Georgia. In the beginning of the 19th century, Ashkenazi Russian Jews were forced to move to Georgia by the Russian government. The Ashkenazi ...
Mountain Jews lived compactly in a special district, where local Jews from other areas of the city moved after the occupation. [2] In early November 1942, several dozen Ashkenazi Jews (including evacuees) and 10 Mountain Jews were killed in Nalchik as "Soviet activists." After the registration of Jews, some of their property was confiscated.
The Jewish community in Makhachkala consists of Jews who have lived in the territory of modern Makhachkala, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan. During the Persian campaign in 1722, Makhachkala hosted a camp for the troops of Russian Emperor Peter I. Both Mountain Jews and Ashkenazi Jews were allowed to settle there. [1]
The occurrence of Jewish communities in the region was made possible only after the decree of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia on August 26, 1827 on the introduction of conscription for the Jews (see Cantonists). [3] [4] The Ashkenazi Jews first appeared on the territory of the Udmurt Republic in the 1830s.
A few years before the Holocaust, the Jewish population of the Soviet Union (excluding Western Ukraine and the Baltic states that were not part of the Soviet Union then) stood at over 5 million, most of whom were Ashkenazic as opposed to Sephardic, with some Karaite minorities. It is estimated that more than half died directly as a result of ...