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The Alvor Agreement, signed on 15 January 1975 in Alvor, Portugal, granted Angola independence from Portugal on 11 November and formally ended the 13-year-long Angolan War of Independence.
The Agreement among the People's Republic of Angola, the Republic of Cuba, and the Republic of South Africa [1] (also known as the Tripartite Accord, Three Powers Accord or New York Accords) granted independence to Namibia (then known as South West Africa) from South Africa and ended the direct involvement of foreign troops in the Angolan Civil War.
The new head-of-government in Portugal, President António de Spínola, called for a ceasefire to the war in Angola. On 15 January 1975, in Alvor, Portugal, a ceasefire agreement was signed between the Portuguese government and the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA), the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the ...
The Spínola government agreed to give all of Portugal's colonies independence, and handed power in Angola over to a coalition of the three largest nationalist movements, the MPLA, UNITA, and the FNLA, through the Alvor Agreement. The coalition quickly broke down, however, and the country descended into civil war.
Alvor Agreement, Angolan independence in 1975; Angolan Civil War (1975–2002) MPLA SWAPO MK Cuba Soviet Union Brazil EO: UNITA FNLA South Africa Zaire: MPLA victory. Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola; UNITA and FNLA disarmed; Cabinda War (1975–) Angola Cuba: FLEC: Ongoing. Surrender of FLEC-Renovada in August 2006
[6]: 228 The FNLA and the other parties met in Portimao, Portugal on 10 January 1975 and resulted in the formation of the Alvor Agreement, signed on 15 January 1975, which would grant Angola independence from Portugal on 11 November, ending the war of independence. [4]: 8 The plan also called for a coalition government and a united army.
The Alvor Agreement, was drafted the following January, laid out the terms of independence for Angola. Among the terms were provisions for nationality which specified that those born in Angola, unless they chose to retain other nationality, would become Angolan nationals on 11 November 1975.
From there on Angola and Cabinda were treated distinctively under the Portuguese constitution of 1933 until 15 January 1975 under the Alvor Agreement. Detailed map of Cabinda Province The Portuguese constitution of 1933 distinguished between the colony of Angola and the protectorate of Cabinda, but in 1956, the administration of Cabinda was ...