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The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...
var x1 = 0; // A global variable, because it is not in any function let x2 = 0; // Also global, this time because it is not in any block function f {var z = 'foxes', r = 'birds'; // 2 local variables m = 'fish'; // global, because it wasn't declared anywhere before function child {var r = 'monkeys'; // This variable is local and does not affect the "birds" r of the parent function. z ...
A string is considered true if it contains at least one non-whitespace character (thus, for example, the #if function interprets the strings "0" and "FALSE" as true values, not false). Any string containing only whitespace or no characters at all will be treated as false (thus #if interprets " " and "", as well as undefined parameters, as false ...
If all terms in the sequence of conditionals are testing the value of a single expression (e.g., if x=0... else if x=1... else if x=2...), an alternative is the switch statement, also called case-statement or select-statement. Conversely, in languages that do not have a switch statement, these can be produced by a sequence of else if statements.
By definition, a code comment is text that is ignored by the translator – the browser, IE, in this case. But, the conditional comment feature adds syntax for a conditional statement that is formatted as a comment. Therefore, some text that is formatted as a comment is actually not a comment. It is markup code.
The actual statement is in columns 7 through 72 of a line. Any non-space character in column 6 indicates that this line is a continuation of the prior line. A 'C' in column 1 indicates that this entire line is a comment. Columns 1 though 5 may contain a number which serves as a label.
Example side effects include modifying a non-local variable, a static local variable or a mutable argument passed by reference; raising errors or exceptions; performing I/O; or calling other functions with side-effects. [1] In the presence of side effects, a program's behaviour may depend on history; that is, the order of evaluation matters.
For instance, the expression x = y + 1 contains the expression y + 1, which in turn contains the values y and 1, which are also technically expressions. Although the previous examples show assignment expressions, some languages do not implement assignment as an expression, but rather as a statement.