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While the MAP 3GPP specifications make some effort to divorce MAP from the layer that transports it, the typical transport is via TCAP which in turn is via SCCP/MTP[1-3] and/or SIGTRAN protocols (SUA, M3UA etc.). A MAP_OPEN construct therefore is directly related to a TCAP_BEGIN with a MAP application context, a MAP_CLOSE is a TCAP_END.
In mobile telecommunications network routing, E.214 is one of three prevailing numbering plans used for delivering mobility management related messages. [1]The E.164 numbering plan, which is a maximum of 15 digits and usually written with a "+" prefix, is the historic first-generation format representing the phone number.
[1] [2] The SS7 protocol is defined for international use by the Q.700-series recommendations of 1988 by the ITU-T. [3] Of the many national variants of the SS7 protocols, most are based on variants standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
The SS7 stack can be separated into four functional levels: [1] Level 1 through Level 3 comprise the MTP, and Level 4 the MTP user. MTP Level 3 is sometimes abbreviated MTP3; MTP Level 2, MTP2. [2] MTP and SCCP are together referred to as the Network Service Part (NSP). [3] There is no one-to-one mapping of MTP Levels 1 through 3 onto the OSI ...
An SS7 probe is a physical device to obtain signalling and/or bearer information from a telecommunications network, such as the PSTN or a corporate telephone system. The probe passively monitors the E1 / T1 or SDH / SONET bearer channels, and extracts the signalling information for onward presentation to an application.
Different ISUP variants exist. ITU-T specifies the variant used in the international network. In Europe ETSI releases its own ISUP specification which is close that of the ITU-T. [2] ITU-T ISUP is used for international connections and is the base for some national ISUP variants.
The Mobile Application Part specifications were originally defined by the GSM Association, but are now controlled by ETSI/3GPP. MAP is defined by two different standards, depending upon the mobile network type: MAP for GSM (prior to Release 4) is specified by 3GPP TS 09.02 (MAP v1, MAP v2)
An example of a SIP message exchange between two users, Alice and Bob, to establish and end a direct media session. SIP is only involved in the signaling operations of a media communication session and is primarily used to set up and terminate voice or video calls. SIP can be used to establish two-party or multiparty sessions. It also allows ...