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Roger Wolcott Sperry (August 20, 1913 – April 17, 1994) was an American neuropsychologist, neurobiologist, cognitive neuroscientist, and Nobel laureate who, together with David Hunter Hubel [1] and Torsten Nils Wiesel, won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for his work with split-brain research.
During the 1960s, Roger Sperry conducted a natural experiment on epileptic patients who had previously had their corpora callosa cut. The corpus callosum is the area of the brain dedicated to linking both the right and left hemisphere together.
Brain at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (view tree for regions of the brain) BrainMaps.org; BrainInfo (University of Washington) "Brain Anatomy and How the Brain Works". Johns Hopkins Medicine. 14 July 2021. "Brain Map". Queensland Health. 12 July 2022.
Basic wiring of the brain is established in vivo by a variety of molecular guidance cues, and the wiring is then refined by patterns of neural activity based in sensory experience. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] For synchronization of multiple maps, replay of sensory input in circuits allows neurons to be organized into vertical topographic functional units ...
Roger Wolcott Sperry pioneered the inception of the chemoaffinity hypothesis following his 1960s experiments on the African clawed frog. [2] He would remove the eye of a frog and reinsert it rotated upside-down—the visual nervous system would eventually repair itself, [3] and the frog would exhibit inverted vision.
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The concept was first introduced by Michael Gazzaniga while he performed research on split-brain patients during the early 1970s with Roger Sperry at the California Institute of Technology. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Sperry eventually received the 1981 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his contributions to split-brain research.
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