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  2. Photoionization detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoionization_detector

    The photoionization detector was applied to gas chromatography (GC) three years later, in 1976. [5] A PID is highly selective when coupled with a chromatographic technique or a pre-treatment tube such as a benzene-specific tube. Broader cuts of selectivity for easily ionized compounds can be obtained by using a lower energy UV lamp.

  3. SNOLAB - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNOLAB

    SNOLAB is a Canadian underground science laboratory specializing in neutrino and dark matter physics. Located 2 km below the surface in Vale's Creighton nickel mine near Sudbury, Ontario, SNOLAB is an expansion of the existing facilities constructed for the original Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) solar neutrino experiment.

  4. Mass spectral interpretation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_spectral_interpretation

    Electron ionization mass spectrum of the steroid alcohol brassicasterol. Mass spectral interpretation is the method employed to identify the chemical formula, characteristic fragment patterns and possible fragment ions from the mass spectra.

  5. Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-transfer-reaction...

    Reaction is only possible if energetically allowed, i.e. if the proton affinity of R is higher than the proton affinity of H 2 O (691 kJ/mol [3]).As most components of ambient air possess a lower proton affinity than H 2 O (e.g. N 2, O 2, Ar, CO 2, etc.) the H 3 O + ions only react with VOC trace components and the air itself acts as a buffer gas.

  6. Molecular sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_sensor

    The work of Lynn Sousa in the late 1970s, on the detection of alkali metal ions, possibly resulting in one of the first examples of the use of supramolecular chemistry in fluorescent sensing design, [35] as well as that of J.-M. Lehn, H. Bouas-Laurent and co-workers at Université Bordeaux I, France. [36]

  7. Electron capture detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture_detector

    The detection limit for electron capture detectors is 5 femtograms per second (fg/s) and the detector commonly exhibits a 10,000-fold linear range. [ citation needed ] This made it possible to detect halogenated compounds such as pesticides and CFCs , even at levels of only one part per trillion ( ppt ), thus revolutionizing our understanding ...

  8. Benzene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzene

    Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum and is one of the elementary petrochemicals. Due to the cyclic continuous pi bonds between the carbon atoms, benzene is classed as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Benzene is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell, and is partially responsible for the aroma of gasoline.

  9. Gas detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_detector

    The ultrasonic gas leak detector then produces an alarm when there is an ultrasonic deviation from the normal condition of background noise. Ultrasonic gas leak detectors cannot measure gas concentration, but the device is able to determine the leak rate of an escaping gas because the ultrasonic sound level depends on the gas pressure and size ...