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The SCARA, Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm, was created in 1978 as an efficient, 4-axis robotic arm. Best used for picking up parts and placing them in another location, the SCARA was introduced to assembly lines in 1981.
The term comes from a Slavic root, robot-, with meanings associated with labor. The word "robot" was first used to denote a fictional humanoid in a 1920 Czech-language play R.U.R. (Rossumovi Univerzální Roboti – Rossum's Universal Robots) by Karel Čapek, though it was Karel's brother Josef Čapek who was the word's true inventor.
Over time the population improves, and eventually a satisfactory robot may appear. This happens without any direct programming of the robots by the researchers. Researchers use this method both to create better robots, [145] and to explore the nature of evolution. [146]
Designing robots that can reliably operate in unpredictable environments is a key engineering challenge. Engineers must create systems that can detect and recover from hardware malfunctions, sensor failures, or software errors. This is important in mission-critical applications such as space exploration or medical robotics. [33] [34]
Humanoid robots could create a $7 trillion market in the next 25 years: Citi analysts. ... Robots that can complete chores, such as folding laundry or mowing the lawn, and those designed to help ...
Music entertainment robot – robot created to perform music entertainment by playing custom made instrument or human developed instruments. Nanobot – the same as a microbot, but smaller. The components are at or close to the scale of a nanometer (10 −9 meters). Prosthetic robot – programmable manipulator or device replacing a missing ...
Karel Čapek's play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) opened in London. This is the first use of the word "robot" in English. [44] 1920-1925 Wilhelm Lenz and Ernst Ising created and analyzed the Ising model (1925) [45] which can be viewed as the first artificial recurrent neural network (RNN) consisting of neuron-like threshold elements. [9]
Humanoid robots are being used to develop complex prosthetics for individuals with physical disabilities such as missing limbs. [13] The WABIAN-2 is a new medical humanoid robot created to help patients in the rehabilitation of their lower limbs. [13]