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FLAG provided a link between the European end of high-density transatlantic crossings and the Asian end of the transpacific crossings. [5] FLAG includes undersea cable segments, and two terrestrial crossings. The segments can be either direct point-to-point links, or multi-point links, which are attained through branching units.
EAC-C2C – (East Asia Crossing/C2C) (Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Philippines, Vietnam, Guam, USA) Eagle – (Japan-USA) – planned EASSy – (an East Africa Submarine Cable System with endpoints in South Africa and the Sudan)
All cables presently in service use fiber optic technology. Many cables terminate in Newfoundland and Ireland, which lie on the great circle route from London, UK to New York City, US. There has been a succession of newer transatlantic cable systems. All recent systems have used fiber optic transmission, and a self-healing ring topology.
The Telecommunications Industry Association's TIA-598-C Optical Fiber Cable Color Coding is an American National Standard that provides all necessary information for color-coding optical fiber cables in a uniform manner.
Atlantic Crossing 1 (AC-1) is an optical submarine telecommunications cable system linking the United States and three European countries. It transports speech and data traffic between the U.S., the U.K., the Netherlands and Germany. [ 1 ]
Fibre Optic DWDM: Date of first use: early 2003 () Apollo is an optical submarine communications cable system crossing the Atlantic Ocean, owned by Vodafone. [2] ...
The network has 28,900 km (18,000 mi) of submarine and 1,600 km (990 mi) of terrestrial fiber optic cables, all which operate in a triple-ring configuration. Initially, each cable had a bandwidth capacity of 120 gigabit/s.
TAT-8 was the 8th transatlantic communications cable and first transatlantic fiber-optic cable, carrying 280 Mbit/s (40,000 telephone circuits) between the United States, United Kingdom and France. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It was constructed in 1988 by a consortium of companies led by AT&T Corporation , France Télécom , and British Telecom .