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Freight derivatives are primarily used by shipowners and operators, oil companies, trading companies, and grain houses as tools for managing freight rate risk. Recently, with commodities standing at the forefront of international economics , the large financial trading houses, including banks and hedge funds, have entered the market.
The freight derivatives market for dry cargo vessels saw a big increase in traded volumes in 2021. Dry forward freight agreement (FFA) volumes hit 2,524,271 lots, up 61% on 2020. Options trading in the dry market hit an all-time high of 409,255, up 25% on the previous year.
Container Freight Swap Agreements are a financial futures contract that allow for hedging and speculating against the volatility of seaborne, intermodal container box-rates. [1] A container freight swaps most commonly takes the form of a cash-settled agreement between two parties with an equal and opposite opinion of the future of the market ...
The Baltic Exchange (incorporated as The Baltic Exchange Limited [1]) is a membership organisation for the maritime industry, and freight market information provider for the trading and settlement of physical and derivative contracts. Situated since Edwardian times at 24–28 St Mary Axe, London EC3, the building was destroyed by a bomb in 1992.
The Freightos International Freight Index was first launched as a weekly freight index in early 2017. [7] The Freightos Baltic Index has been in wide use since 2018. [8] It is currently the only freight rate index that is issued daily, and is also the only IOSCO-compliant freight index that is currently regulated by the EU (in particular, the European Securities and Markets Authority).
LCH, as a member of the Container Freight Derivatives Association, launched a clearing service for the containerised freight market. The service provides an independent clearing service for the registration of OTC Container Freight Swap Agreements (CFSAs) for four of the most actively traded routes out of Shanghai.
A commodities exchange is an exchange, or market, where various commodities are traded. Most commodity markets around the world trade in agricultural products and other raw materials (like wheat, barley, sugar, maize, cotton, cocoa, coffee, milk products, pork bellies, oil, and metals).
The market's opinion about what the spot price of an asset will be in the future is the expected future spot price. [1] Hence, a key question is whether or not the current forward price actually predicts the respective spot price in the future.