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  2. Multicollinearity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicollinearity

    In statistics, multicollinearity or collinearity is a situation where the predictors in a regression model are linearly dependent. Perfect multicollinearity refers to a situation where the predictive variables have an exact linear relationship.

  3. Moderation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderation_(statistics)

    This is the problem of multicollinearity in moderated regression. Multicollinearity tends to cause coefficients to be estimated with higher standard errors and hence greater uncertainty. Mean-centering (subtracting raw scores from the mean) may reduce multicollinearity, resulting in more interpretable regression coefficients.

  4. Linear regression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_regression

    Lack of perfect multicollinearity in the predictors. For standard least squares estimation methods, the design matrix X must have full column rank p; otherwise perfect multicollinearity exists in the predictor variables, meaning a linear relationship exists between two or more predictor variables. This can be caused by accidentally duplicating ...

  5. White test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_test

    In R, White's Test can be implemented using the white function of the skedastic package. [5] In Python, White's Test can be implemented using the het_white function of the statsmodels.stats.diagnostic.het_white [6] In Stata, the test can be implemented using the estat imtest, white function. [7]

  6. Dummy variable (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dummy_variable_(statistics)

    Indicator function – Mathematical function characterizing set membership; Linear discriminant function – Method used in statistics, pattern recognition, and other fields; Multicollinearity – Linear dependency situation in a regression model; One-hot – Bit-vector representation where only one bit can be set at a time

  7. Simpson's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpson's_paradox

    Simpson's paradox is a phenomenon in probability and statistics in which a trend appears in several groups of data but disappears or reverses when the groups are combined. This result is often encountered in social-science and medical-science statistics, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and is particularly problematic when frequency data are unduly given ...

  8. Homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoscedasticity_and...

    In statistics, a sequence of random variables is homoscedastic (/ ˌ h oʊ m oʊ s k ə ˈ d æ s t ɪ k /) if all its random variables have the same finite variance; this is also known as homogeneity of variance. The complementary notion is called heteroscedasticity, also known as heterogeneity of variance.

  9. Variance inflation factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance_inflation_factor

    Analyze the magnitude of multicollinearity by considering the size of the ⁡ (^). A rule of thumb is that if ⁡ (^) > then multicollinearity is high [5] (a cutoff of 5 is also commonly used [6]). However, there is no value of VIF greater than 1 in which the variance of the slopes of predictors isn't inflated.