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In humans, the pharynx is part of the digestive system and the conducting zone of the respiratory system. (The conducting zone—which also includes the nostrils of the nose , the larynx , trachea , bronchi , and bronchioles —filters, warms and moistens air and conducts it into the lungs ). [ 1 ]
In vertebrate anatomy, the throat is the front part of the neck, internally positioned in front of the vertebrae. It contains the pharynx and larynx. An important section of it is the epiglottis, separating the esophagus from the trachea (windpipe), preventing food and drinks being inhaled into the lungs.
The first pharyngeal arch, also mandibular arch (corresponding to the first branchial arch of fish), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. [10] It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove .
The respiratory system begins in the head and neck, with air entering and leaving the body through the mouth and nose. The respiratory system involving the head and neck includes: the nasal cavity for filtering, moistening, and warming the air; the pharynx or throat which is the combining point for respiratory and digestive system
The fauces, isthmus of fauces, or the oropharyngeal isthmus is the opening at the back of the mouth into the throat. [1] It is a narrow passage between the velum and the base of the tongue.
The buccopharyngeal fascia envelops the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles. [ 4 ] [ 1 ] It extends anteriorly from the constrictor pharyngis superior [ 4 ] over the pterygomandibular raphe to cover the buccinator muscle [ 1 ] (though another source describes it as continuous with the fascia covering the buccinator muscle).
The soft palate (also known as the velum, palatal velum, or muscular palate) is, in mammals, the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth.The soft palate is part of the palate of the mouth; the other part is the hard palate.
The human palatine tonsils (PT) are covered by stratified squamous epithelium that extends into deep and partly branched tonsillar crypts, of which there are about 10 to 30. [1] The crypts greatly increase the contact surface between environmental influences and lymphoid tissue.