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Thrombin (Factor IIa) (EC 3.4.21.5, fibrose, thrombase, thrombofort, topical, thrombin-C, tropostasin, activated blood-coagulation factor II, E thrombin, beta-thrombin, gamma-thrombin) is a serine protease, that converts fibrinogen into strands of insoluble fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions.
These mechanisms include, competitive inhibition or negative feedback. It includes primary hemostasis, which is the process of how blood platelets adhere to the endothelium of an injured blood vessel. [1] [2] Platelet aggregation is fundamental to repair vascular damage and the initiation of the blood thrombus formation. The elimination of ...
Coagulation, also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot. It results in hemostasis, the cessation of blood loss from a damaged vessel, followed by repair. The process of coagulation involves activation, adhesion and aggregation of platelets, as well as deposition and maturation of ...
Different antithrombotics affect different blood clotting processes: Antiplatelet drugs limit the migration or aggregation of platelets. Anticoagulants limit the ability of the blood to clot. Thrombolytic drugs act to dissolve clots after they have formed.
The activation of thrombin is a critical reaction in the coagulation cascade, which functions to regulate hemostasis in the body. To produce thrombin, the prothrombinase complex cleaves two peptide bonds in prothrombin, one after Arg 271 and the other after Arg 320 . [ 1 ]
Fibrinolysis is a process that prevents blood clots from growing and becoming problematic. [1] Primary fibrinolysis is a normal body process, while secondary fibrinolysis is the breakdown of clots due to a medicine, a medical disorder, or some other cause. [2] In fibrinolysis, a fibrin clot, the product of coagulation, is broken down. [3]
Antithrombin (AT) is a small glycoprotein that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system. It is a 464-amino-acid protein produced by the liver.It contains three disulfide bonds and a total of four possible glycosylation sites. α-Antithrombin is the dominant form of antithrombin found in blood plasma and has an oligosaccharide occupying each of its four glycosylation sites.
Tissue factor, also called platelet tissue factor or Coagulation factor III, [5] is a protein present in subendothelial tissue and leukocytes which plays a major role in coagulation and, in humans, is encoded by F3 gene. Its role in the blood clotting is the initiation of thrombin formation from the zymogen prothrombin.