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Figure 1: Example two-port network with symbol definitions. Notice the port condition is satisfied: the same current flows into each port as leaves that port.. In electronics, a two-port network (a kind of four-terminal network or quadripole) is an electrical network (i.e. a circuit) or device with two pairs of terminals to connect to external circuits.
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In such cases the concept of port (a place where energy is transferred from one system to another) can be more useful than input and output. It is customary to define two variables for each port (p): the voltage across it (V p) and the current entering it (I p). For instance, the transfer matrix of a two-port network can be defined as follows,
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Start with a two-port network, N, with a plane of symmetry between the two ports. Next cut N through its plane of symmetry to form two new identical two-ports, 1 / 2 N. Connect two identical voltage generators to the two ports of N. It is clear from the symmetry that no current is going to flow through any branch passing through the ...
Usually a two-port network is implied but the concept can be extended to networks with more than two ports. The definition of image impedance for a two-port network is the impedance, Z i 1, seen looking into port 1 when port 2 is terminated with the image impedance, Z i 2, for port 2. In general, the image impedances of ports 1 and 2 will not ...
Equivalent circuit for an arbitrary two-port admittance matrix. The circuit uses Norton sources with voltage-controlled current sources. Y-equivalent circuit for a reciprocal two-port network. The Y-parameter matrix for the two-port network is probably the most common. In this case the relationship between the port voltages, port currents and ...
In a two-port network, often port 1 is considered the input port and port 2 is considered the output port. The two-port network model is used in mathematical circuit analysis techniques to isolate portions of larger circuits. A two-port network is regarded as a "black box" with its properties specified by a matrix of numbers. This allows the ...