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Butler is best known for their books Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (1990) and Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of Sex (1993), in which they challenge conventional, heteronormative notions of gender and develop their theory of gender performativity.
Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity [1] [2] is a book by the post-structuralist gender theorist and philosopher Judith Butler in which the author argues that gender is performative, meaning that it is maintained, created or perpetuated by iterative repetitions when speaking and interacting with each other.
The term gender performativity was first coined by American philosopher and gender theorist Judith Butler in their 1990 book Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. [69] In the book, Butler sets out to criticize what they consider to be an outdated perception of gender.
Gender identity is the ... identification with the hated parent who both exemplified a model to appease ... gender studies scholar Judith Butler began ...
Another crucial point for the start of the third wave is the publication in 1990 of Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity by Judith Butler, which soon became one of the most influential works of contemporary feminist theory. In it, Butler argued against homogenizing conceptions of "women", which had a normative and ...
Butler examines gender, sex, psychoanalysis, and the way medicine and the law treat intersex and transgender people. [1] Focusing on the case of David Reimer who was born male and reassigned to be raised as a girl after a botched circumcision, Butler reexamines the theory of performativity that they originally explored in Gender Trouble (1990).
Cisnormativity contributes to patriarchy by providing a rigid division of people into genders and gender roles. [11] Cisnormativity often appears together with heteronormativity. [12] [13] According to Judith Butler, the dominant view of gender assumes a "causal continuity among sex, gender, and desire". [14]
Judith Butler – explored the constricting nature of social norms in constructing 'normal' men and women; [12] and argued for a feminism without a feminist subject, fearing the constraining influence implicit in overt identity politics. [13]