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Particulates or atmospheric particulate matter (see below for other names) are microscopic particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in the air.The term aerosol refers to the particulate/air mixture, as opposed to the particulate matter alone, [1] though it is sometimes defined as a subset of aerosol terminology. [2]
PM 10, also known as coarse particulate matter, consists of particles 10 micrometers (μm) and smaller, while PM 2.5, also called fine particulate matter, consists of particles 2.5 μm and smaller. [29] Particles 2.5 μm or smaller in size are especially notable as they can be inhaled into the lower respiratory system, and with enough exposure ...
Fine particles (PM 2.5) or NO 2 were associated with increased risk of developing COPD. [148] Air pollution is further associated with increased risk of asthma and worsening of symptoms, and this effect seems stronger in children. [149] For adults, fine particles (PM 2.5) or NO 2 are most strongly linked to asthma onset. [150]
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) adopted the description of soot particles given in the glossary of Charlson and Heintzenberg (1995), "Particles formed during the quenching of gases at the outer edge of flames of organic vapours, consisting predominantly of carbon, with lesser amounts of oxygen and hydrogen present as ...
Smog, or smoke fog, is a type of intense air pollution.The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century, and is a portmanteau of the words smoke and fog [1] to refer to smoky fog due to its opacity, and odour. [2]
Types of atmospheric particles include suspended particulate matter; thoracic and respirable particles; inhalable coarse particles, designated PM10, which are coarse particles with a diameter of 10 micrometers (μm) or less; fine particles, designated PM2.5, with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less; ultrafine particles; and soot.
Mist and fog are aerosols. An aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in air or another gas. [1] Aerosols can be generated from natural or human causes.The term aerosol commonly refers to the mixture of particulates in air, and not to the particulate matter alone. [2]
Developed countries were once the primary source of black carbon emissions, but this began to change in the 1950s with the adoption of pollution control technologies in those countries. [5] Whereas the United States emits about 21% of the world's CO 2 , it emits 6.1% of the world's soot. [ 34 ]