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The trustee model of representation is a model of a representative democracy, frequently contrasted with the delegate model of representation. [1] In this model, constituents elect their representatives as ' trustees ' for their constituency. These 'trustees' have autonomy to deliberate and act as they see fit, in their own conscience even if ...
Political representation is the activity of making citizens "present" in public policy -making processes when political actors act in the best interest of citizens according to Hanna Pitkin's Concept of Representation (1967). [1][2] This definition of political representation is consistent with a wide variety of views on what representing ...
Economics portal. Mathematics portal. v. t. e. Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. [1] The concept applies mainly to political divisions (political parties) among voters. The essence of such systems is that all votes ...
With this notion, representative bureaucracy is a form of representation that captures most or all aspects of a society's population in the governing body of the state. [1] An experimental study shows that representative bureaucracy can enhance perceived performance and fairness. [2] This study finds that in a “no representation” scenario ...
Democracy, in Dewey's view, is a moral ideal requiring actual effort and work by people; it is not an institutional concept that exists outside of ourselves. "The task of democracy", Dewey concludes, "is forever that of creation of a freer and more humane experience in which all share and to which all contribute".
As of the 2020 U.S. Census, 62.1 million Latinos live in the United States, representing 18.9% of the total U.S. population, [1] a 23% increase since 2010. [2] This racial / ethnic group is the second largest after non-Hispanic whites in the U.S. In 2020, the states with the highest Hispanic or Latino populations were; Arizona, California ...
Framing (social sciences) In the social sciences, framing comprises a set of concepts and theoretical perspectives on how individuals, groups, and societies organize, perceive, and communicate about reality. Framing can manifest in thought or interpersonal communication. Frames in thought consist of the mental representations, interpretations ...
Affirmative action (also sometimes called reservations, alternative access, positive discrimination or positive action in various countries' laws and policies) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] refers to a set of policies and practices within a government or organization seeking to benefit marginalized groups. Historically and internationally, support for ...