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In both the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) [1] and the USDA soil taxonomy, [2] a Histosol is a soil consisting primarily of organic materials.They are defined as having 40 centimetres (16 in) or more of organic soil material starting within 40 cm from the soil surface.
A sapric is a subtype of a histosol [1] where virtually all of the organic material has undergone sufficient decomposition to prevent the identification of plant parts and even fecal matter. [2] [3] Muck is a sapric soil that is naturally waterlogged or is artificially drained.
An English translation of soil types defined in "référentiel pedologique français" can be done this way. it ... Histosol mesic; Histosol recouvert; Histosol sapric;
A soil family category is a group of soils within a subgroup and describes the physical and chemical properties which affect the response of soil to agricultural management and engineering applications. The principal characteristics used to differentiate soil families include texture, mineralogy, pH, permeability, structure, consistency, the ...
Tropical peat is a type of histosol that is found in tropical latitudes, including South East Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. [2] Tropical peat mostly consists of dead organic matter from trees instead of spaghnum which are commonly found in temperate peat. [ 3 ]
Because soil organic matter accumulates in the upper layer, most Gelisols are black or dark brown in soil color, followed by a shallow mineral layer. Despite the influence of glaciation in most areas where Gelisols occur, chemically they are not highly fertile because nutrients , especially calcium and potassium , are very easily leached above ...
The main processes of soil formation of oxisols are weathering, humification and pedoturbation due to animals. These processes produce the characteristic soil profile . They are defined as soils containing at all depths no more than ten percent weatherable minerals , and low cation exchange capacity .
The USDA soil taxonomy [16] and the Chinese soil taxonomy [17] call these soils Spodosols. [18] The Canadian system of soil classification matches Podzols with soils under the Podzolic order (e.g. Humo-Ferric Podzol). [19] [20] The Australian Soil Classification [21] uses the term Podosols. The Brazilian Soil Classification System [22] calls ...