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Fractures of big toes make up about a fifth [3] or third [8] of all toe fractures, and 5.5% of all foot and ankle fractures in major US trauma hospitals. [10] Toe fractures are the most common foot fractures. [8] About 20% of broken toes involve open wounds. [10]
They are analogous to the knuckles of the hand, and are consequently known as toe knuckles in common speech. They are condyloid joints, meaning that an elliptical or rounded surface (of the metatarsal bones) comes close to a shallow cavity (of the proximal phalanges). The region of skin directly below the joints forms the ball of the foot.
The interphalangeal joints of the foot are the joints between the phalanx bones of the toes in the feet.. Since the great toe only has two phalanx bones (proximal and distal phalanges), it only has one interphalangeal joint, which is often abbreviated as the "IP joint".
An avulsion fracture at the base of the fifth metatarsal is sometimes called a "dancer's fracture" or a "pseudo Jones fracture", and usually responds readily to non-operative treatment. [18] The X-ray appearance of the developmental "apophysis" in this area may have some resemblance of a fracture, but is not a fracture; it is the secondary ...
The metatarsal bones or metatarsus (pl.: metatarsi) are a group of five long bones in the midfoot, located between the tarsal bones (which form the heel and the ankle) and the phalanges . Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (the side of the great toe ): the first , second , third , fourth , and fifth ...
The Müller AO Classification of fractures is a system for classifying bone fractures initially published in 1987 [1] by the AO Foundation as a method of categorizing injuries according to therognosis of the patient's anatomical and functional outcome. "AO" is an initialism for the German "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen", the ...
Open fracture with extensive soft-tissue loss and periosteal stripping and bone damage. Usually associated with massive contamination. [14] [15] Will often need further soft-tissue coverage procedure (i.e. free or rotational flap) IIIC: Open fracture associated with an arterial injury requiring repair, irrespective of degree of soft-tissue injury.
Diabetic foot ulcer is a breakdown of the skin and sometimes deeper tissues of the foot that leads to sore formation. It is thought to occur due to abnormal pressure or mechanical stress chronically applied to the foot, usually with concomitant predisposing conditions such as peripheral sensory neuropathy, peripheral motor neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy or peripheral arterial disease. [1]