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Ngāi Tahu, or Kāi Tahu, is the principal Māori iwi (tribe) of the South Island. Its takiwā (tribal area) is the largest in New Zealand, and extends from the White Bluffs / Te Parinui o Whiti (southeast of Blenheim ), Mount Mahanga and Kahurangi Point in the north to Stewart Island / Rakiura in the south.
Kaiapoi pā was established around the year 1700 by the Ngāi Tahu chief Tūrākautahi.Eventually to become the largest fortified village in the South Island, it lay on the site of a stronghold of an earlier tribe, either the Waitaha or Kāti Māmoe, [10] both of which were absorbed by Ngāi Tahu through warfare and intermarriage. [11]
In 1944, the Ngai-tahu Claim Settlement Act provided for an annual payment of £10,000 for 30 years to a Ngāi Tahu Trust Board. [18] Ngāi Tahu was not involved in settling this claim until after the legislation had been passed. Much of the income from this source was used by Ngāi Tahu to take their claim to the Waitangi Tribunal in 1986. The ...
[20] [21] [22] Following the settlement between Ngāi Tahu and the Crown in October 1998, a number of South Island place names were amended by the Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998 to incorporate their Māori names. The name of the mountain village and national park were officially changed from Mount Cook to Aoraki / Mount Cook.
Today these form a unique cluster containing most of the Spanish names on the map of New Zealand: Febrero Point, Bauza Island and the Nee Islets, Pendulo Reach, and Malaspina Reach. [ 7 ] Following the passage of the Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998 , the name of the fiord was officially altered to Doubtful Sound / Patea.
The South Island iwi Ngāi Tahu have manawhenua or tribal authority over the Taramakau River, acknowledged under s56 of the Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998. [7] The Taramakau was a traditional route of travel across the Southern Alps, providing access to Nōti Taramakau (Harper Pass), one of the lowest and most accessible passes through the mountainous terrain.
The Māori is Okaruru. An extensive pā once existed here and the ruins of its ramparts can still be discovered. When the Europeans arrived, only a few Ngai Tahu were left. In the 1700s, Moki passed through Goughs Bay when on his way to capture the Ngati Mamoe stronghold at Parakakariki.
In 1990s Ngāi Tahu and the government negotiated for ownership of pounamu from the river to be restored and this was settled in the Ngāi Tahu (Pounamu Vesting) Act 1997. [5] [6] [7] The lower reaches of the Arahura River were a major producer of gold in the past – and extensively mined, but are now worked out. The historic Arahura road/rail ...