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The inscriptions from the Licchavi period includes Newari words. Hence, it indicated that Newari was the common language during Licchavi dynasty although the official use of the period was Sanskrit, but Nepal Bhasa was already in use. [9] The earliest dated stone inscription in Thakuri dynasty is in Newari, dated Nepal Sambat 293 (1173 CE). [10]
Since the Newari language lacks retroflex consonants, the letters ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa and ṣa are used only in loanwords. The same applies to the letter śa. Newari, on the other hand, has a number of sonorant consonants that are pronounced with creaky voice (ṅha, ñha, ṇha, nha, mha, rha and lha).
The language is known officially in Nepal as Nepal Bhasa, a name that has been historically used for the language. [6] [7] The term "Newari" is also used to refer to the language, although the Indic -i suffix is considered inappropriate by some Newar speakers. [a]
Malla, Kamal P. 1990. "The Earliest Dated Document in Newari: the Palmleaf From Uku Bahah NS 235/AD 1114." In Kailash, 16, no. 1-2. Malla, Kamal P. 1996. "The Profane Names of the Sacred Hillocks." In Contributions to Nepalese Studies, 23, no. 1. Malla, Kamal P. 1998. "The Classical Newari Dictionary Project 1986-1996 : Problems and Prospects."
Their common language is Nepal Bhasa or the linguistic progenitor of that language. Nepal Bhasa is the term recognised by the government. [47] Nepal Bhasa already existed as a spoken language during the Licchavi period and is believed to have developed from the language spoken in Nepal during the Kirati period. [48]
A bilingual dictionary or translation dictionary is a specialized dictionary used to translate words or phrases from one language to another. Bilingual dictionaries can be unidirectional , meaning that they list the meanings of words of one language in another, or can be bidirectional , allowing translation to and from both languages.
The Nepali word tutedhara refers to the main feature of the drinking fountain: the tap that can be opened and closed. All the Newari names appear to be derived from the Sanskrit word jaladroni, meaning water bucket: [1] jarun, jahru, jadhun, jaldroni, jaladhenu, jalancha.
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