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Marine life. Marine conservation, also known as ocean conservation, is the protection and preservation of ecosystems in oceans and seas through planned management in order to prevent the over-exploitation of these marine resources. Marine conservation is informed by the study of marine plants and animal resources and ecosystem functions and is ...
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978, or " MARPOL 73/78 " (short for "marine pollution") is one of the most important international marine environmental conventions. [2] It was developed by the International Maritime Organization with an objective to minimize pollution ...
Human activities affect marine life and marine habitats through overfishing, habitat loss, the introduction of invasive species, ocean pollution, ocean acidification and ocean warming. These impact marine ecosystems and food webs and may result in consequences as yet unrecognised for the biodiversity and continuation of marine life forms. [ 3 ]
It takes advice on issues needing multidisciplinary expertise from the Joint Group of Experts on Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) which is composed of specialised experts nominated by the IMO, FAO, UNESCO, IOC, WMO, WHO, IAEA, UN, and UNEP. A scientific group on dumping, composed of government experts from the ...
Marine pollution made further international headlines after the 1967 crash of the oil tanker Torrey Canyon, and after the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill off the coast of California. [citation needed] Marine pollution was a major area of discussion during the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm.
Marine ecosystems are characterized by the biological community of organisms that they are associated with and their physical environment. Classes of organisms found in marine ecosystems include brown algae, dinoflagellates, corals, cephalopods, echinoderms, and sharks. Marine ecosystems are important sources of ecosystem services and food and ...
Environmental protection. Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals, groups and governments. [1] Its objectives are to conserve natural resources and the existing natural environment and, where it is possible, to repair damage and reverse trends. [2]
33 U.S.C. ch. 41 §§ 2801 - 2805. Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (MPRSA) or Ocean Dumping Act is one of several key environmental laws passed by the US Congress in 1972. [1][2] The Act has two essential aims: to regulate intentional ocean disposal of materials, and to authorize any related research. [3] While the MPRSA ...