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In Polish, the character Ƶ is used as an allographic variant of the letter Ż (called "Z with overdot") although once used in Old Polish. In Greek, the character Ƶ is a handwritten form of the letter Xi ξ , where the horizontal stroke distinguishes it from Zeta ζ .
An example, in English, of boustrophedon as used in inscriptions in ancient Greece (Lines 2 and 4 read right-to-left.) Boustrophedon (/ ˌ b uː s t r ə ˈ f iː d ən / [1]) is a style of writing in which alternate lines of writing are reversed, with letters also written in reverse, mirror-style. This is in contrast to modern European ...
The letter was originally introduced in 1513 by Stanisław Zaborowski in his book Ortographia. [ 2 ] Occasionally, the letter Ƶ ƶ (Z with a horizontal stroke) is used instead of Ż ż for aesthetic purposes, especially in all-caps text and handwriting.
The lowercase letter a: This letter is often handwritten as the single-storey "ɑ" (a circle and a vertical line adjacent to the right of the circle) instead of the double-storey "a" found in many fonts. (See: A#Typographic variants) The lowercase letter g: In Polish, this letter is often rendered with a straight descender without a hook or ...
The letter U may be called u otwarte ("open u", a reference to its graphical form) or u zwykłe ("regular u"), to distinguish it from Ó, which is sometimes called ó zamknięte ("closed ó"), ó kreskowane or ó z kreską ("ó with a stroke accent"), alternatively o kreskowane or o z kreską ("o with a stroke accent").
Unlike rotating text 180 degrees, the number of sideways characters falls far short of what would be needed for most purposes, and because text is rendered horizontally, it would be very difficult to render beyond one line of vertical text in a well-aligned manner without columns, especially in proportional fonts (furthermore, each character ...
Poles began writing in the 12th century using the Latin alphabet. [1] This alphabet, however, was ill-equipped to deal with Polish phonology, particularly the palatal consonants (now written as ś, ź, ć, dź), the retroflex group (now sz, ż, and cz) as well as the nasal vowels (now written as ą, ę).
The principal line terms in typography. For broader context, see Typeface anatomy. In European and West Asian typography and penmanship, the baseline is the line upon which most letters sit and below which descenders extend. [1] In the example to the right, the letter 'p' has a descender; the other letters sit on the (red) baseline.